| EE | 21 |
| Student code: 01234 How effective are the measures Singapore has taken since 2018 to ensure food security and sustainability for it’s people? Economics and Geography Sustainability, development, change. 3890 words | 21 |
| EPQ | 21 |
| To what extent has Zoonation’s interpretive dance successfully transformed the characterization of the White Rabbit and the Red Queen in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland to explore mental illness? 4890 words Pupil Name St Edward’s School Candidate number: 39056 | 21 |
| Abstract: Through a close analysis of choreography, costume, and staging in Mad Hatter’s Tea Party by ZooNation, this project examines how physical movement and symbolic motifs are used to convey anxiety, control, and emotional fragmentation. The essay considers... | 21 |
| Essay Question: To what extent does aerobic exercise improve athletic performance? | 49 |
| (Point) Aerobic exercise plays a crucial role in improving athletic performance by enhancing the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. (Evidence) For example, endurance training such as long-distance running has been shown to increase an athlete’s VO₂ max, which measures the maximum amount of oxygen the body can use during exercise (Bassett and Howley, 2000). (Explanation) An increased VO₂ max allows more oxygen to be delivered to working muscles, enabling athletes to sustain higher intensities of exercise for longer periods without fatigue. This improved oxygen delivery also delays the onset of lactic acid build-up, directly enhancing endurance and overall performance during prolonged physical activity. (Link) Therefore, aerobic exercise is a key factor in improving athletic performance, although its impact must be considered alongside other components such as strength training and recovery. | 49 |
| Essay Question: How does Shakespeare present ambition in Macbeth? | 49 |
| (Point) Ambition is presented in Macbeth as a dangerous force that ultimately leads to destruction. (Evidence) This is evident when Macbeth admits that he has “no spur / To prick the sides of my intent, but only / Vaulting ambition,” acknowledging that ambition alone is driving him towards murdering King Duncan (Shakespeare, 1606). (Explanation) This metaphor suggests that ambition is uncontrollable and reckless, as it “vaults” beyond moral limits and falls on the other side. Shakespeare uses this moment to show that Macbeth is fully aware of the consequences of ambition, yet chooses to pursue power regardless, which makes his downfall self-inflicted rather than unavoidable. (Link) Therefore, Shakespeare portrays ambition not as a noble quality, but as a corrosive force that propels the tragic collapse of the protagonist. | 49 |
| Introduction sentence starters | 41 |
| When to use | 41 |
| Example Sentence Starters | 41 |
| EE | 42 |
| ONLY | 42 |
| 6. State the research question and explain the reasoning behind it This reassessment raises important questions regarding the extent to which Empress Cixi contributed to China’s modernisation during the late Qing period. The introduction of new military technologies, industrial developments, educational reforms, and limited political changes all occurred under her rule. Evaluating whether these developments were actively encouraged, reluctantly accepted, or resisted by Cixi is essential to understanding her historical significance and led to the research question To what extent did Empress Cixi contribute to the modernisation of China in the period 1861 to 1908? 7. Outline the methodology / approach The methodology used to answer this question was to begin by exploring primary sources - comparing the seminal biography by Jung Chang with various personal accounts by people who knew her. Sources such as Princess Der Ling’s diary was investigated in order to understand the extent of her efforts to modernise China and the possible political pressure placed on her. However, due to difficulty in finding extensive primary sources, modern secondary sources that utilised primary material helped provide perspectives of historians on Cixi’s role in China. 8. Explain why the question is worth studying This question is worthy of investigation as Mao Zedong has often been given the credit as the figurehead that led China’s modernisation due to the common historical misogyny. 9. Present the line of enquiry / argument (without concluding) Empress Cixi’s achievements have often gone unrecognised, but this investigation reveals it was Cixi who laid the foundation and embarked on China’s modernisation. 10. Consider scope and briefly signpost structure The scope of this essay is limited to the years between 1861, when Cixi first came to power as regent, and her death in 1908. It focuses on political, military, and social reforms associated with modernisation, while revolutionary developments following the fall of the Qing Dynasty are excluded. The essay will examine both supportive and critical interpretations of Cixi’s actions before reaching a balanced judgement on her contribution to China’s modernisation. | 43 |
| EPQ | 44 |
| ONLY | 44 |
| 5. Show awareness that the issue can be debated or interpreted in different ways Scholars and readers have interpreted the text in different ways, particularly regarding whether its ideas should be understood metaphorically, spiritually, or as guidance for real‑world behaviour. This has led to debate over how closely wisdom, as described in the text, is linked to acting in accordance with nature. 6. State the research question and explain the reasoning behind it These differing interpretations raise questions about the relationship between wisdom and nature in Taoist philosophy. If wisdom is central to Taoism, it is important to consider what it requires of human behaviour. This leads to the research question: To what extent does wisdom imply acting in accordance with the order of nature, according to the Tao Te Ching? 7. Outline the methodology / approach This project draws on close readings of selected passages from the Tao Te Ching, supported by secondary sources such as philosophical commentaries and interpretations, in order to explore how wisdom is presented in the text. 8. Summarise the key themes to be explored The project will focus on themes including the Tao, wu wei (non‑action or effortless action), natural order, and the portrayal of the wise person, examining how these ideas relate to human conduct and understanding. 9. Present the line of enquiry or argument (without concluding) While wisdom in the Tao Te Ching is often associated with withdrawal and passivity, this project explores whether it more accurately describes a conscious alignment with natural processes rather than complete inaction. 10. Briefly signpost the structure The essay will first outline key concepts within the Tao Te Ching before analysing selected passages that describe wisdom. It will then consider different interpretations of these ideas before reaching a balanced conclusion. | 45 |
| Citations and references When writing academically or formally, showing other people where you found your information is what gives your work credibility - it shows a clear train of thought and allows others to follow your research trail. | 28 |
| A citation is when you make a note in the essay where a piece of information has come from someone else’s work, it looks like this (Hanlon, 2025). Sometimes you may want to include the author name or date in the sentence, whichever of the two you don’t include in the sentence must be included in brackets to complete the citation. | 28 |
| A reference is details on where to find the information you cited in the essay, it looks like this: Hanlon, Michael E. (2025). Doughnut: The Official Story. Worldwar1.com. http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/doughnut.htm | 28 |
| A reference list is a list of all the references used in your essay. It appears at the end of the essay on a new page. You MUST include one and it must be properly fomatted. A reference list looks like this: References Hanratty, J. (2017, May 1). Doughnuts and the Salvation Army: Doughnuts, Salvation Army, and World War I. Doughnuts and the Salvation Army. https://scalar.usc.edu/works/doughnuts- and-the-salvation-army/world-war-i Madison, J. H. (2007). Slinging Doughnuts for the Boys : an American Woman in World War II. Indiana University Press. Hanlon, Michael E. (2025). Doughnut: The Official Story. Worldwar1.com. http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/doughnut.htm Rhoades, T. (2020, March 31). Honoring the Doughnut Girls - Girl Museum. Girl Museum. https://www.girlmuseum.org/doughnut-helen/ Swain, J. (2021, June 3). “A Helmet Full of Doughnuts” - The War Cry - The Salvation Army USA. War Cry. https://www.thewarcry.org/articles/a-helmet-full-of-doughnuts/ | 28 |
| Writing academically | 32 |
| General expectations | 32 |
| When should you cite your sources? | 30 |
| How to create references using MyBib | 29 |
| Remember: drop in to see Ms Eldred in the Library if you get stuck! | 29 |
| Reflection Reflecting on your work and progress is a key element of many of your courses and is a very good life skill to have – and one you will very likely need for future careers. | 52 |
| In Sixth Form at Teddies in the EE you will have three formal reflections meetings and conclude the porject by writing a 500-word relfection. In the EPQ you will write a project log throughout the project and an evaluation at the end, both need to be reflective. In both the EE and the EPQ your ability to write reflectively will impact your marks. | 52 |
| When reflecting on your work and progress you should aim to do the following: | 52 |
| Make every sentence specific and meaningful. Simply saying you enjoyed or disliked something is not enough: you must evaluate your experiences. | 52 |
| Evaluating your experiences means assessing the value of what you've learnt and being self-critical. It is not enough to simply describe your experiences, you must demonstrate you've learnt skills and made deliberate choices. You might also consider how doing this piece of work has helped/ will help you in other subjects or at university for example. | 52 |
| YOU MUST state not only what you have learnt about yourself but what you would do differently next time if you did this process again. Consider you limitations and your areas of growth. | 52 |
| BE POSITIVE. Even if you had a stressful or negative experience, use it to demonstrate how it made you think, grow or develop in some way. To the examiner, moaning - however valid you feel it is - will only come across as an inability to reflect and adapt. | 52 |
| DO NOT describe a blow-by-blow account of your progress, instead you need to evaluate specific actions you have taken. | 52 |
| Descriptive vs. reflective writing | 53 |
| Avoid writing descriptively by ensuring every sentence discusses skills learnt or being developed, a challenge anticipated/ overcome or solutions/ proposed solutions to those challenges. | 53 |
| Setting up your document: Title Page Formal academic work should include the elements listed on the table below. For the EE, make use of the Dummy EE found on Teams. | 20 |
| Formatting requirement | 20 |
| Notes | 20 |
| Title page | 20 |
| Your student code Essay question Subject OR if Interdisciplinary: State the two subjects the essay relates to and the interdisciplinary framework it connects with. Word count | 20 |
| From the beginning of the introduction to the end of the conclusion. | 20 |
| If footnotes have been used for anything other than citations i.e. further clarifying information, they must be included in the word count. | 20 |
| NO NAME NO SCHOOL NAME NO PICTURES | 20 |
| Title page | 20 |
| Essay question Word count | 20 |
| From the beginning of the introduction to the end of the conclusion. | 20 |
| If footnotes have been used for anything other than citations i.e. further clarifying information, they must be included in the word count. | 20 |
| Name School Candidate number Abstract NO PICTURES | 20 |
| EE | 20 |
| EPQ | 20 |
| PEEL | 48 |
| Peel Examples | 48 |
| Pandas like to swim | 31 |
| Planning your research | 8 |
| Click here to jump to methodology guidance when writing the introduction. | 8 |
| Click here to jump to literature review guidance. | 8 |
| TABLE OF CONTENTS | 2 |
| Citations and references | 3 |
| How to create references using mybib | 3 |
| How to quote | 3 |
| Writing academically | 3 |
| Sounding professional | 3 |
| Sentence starters | 3 |
| Using linking words to create flow | 3 |
| What is an abstract? | 3 |
| Introductions | 3 |
| Introduction guidance: EE | 3 |
| Introduction guidance: EPQ | 3 |
| Literature review | 3 |
| The body of the essay: PEEL | 3 |
| Conclusion | 3 |
| Reflection | 3 |
| Do not be descriptive/ Instead be reflective | 3 |
| Proof reading checklist | 3 |
| Glossary | 3 |
| Library opening times and contacts | 3 |